Mesothelioma Facts
Mesothelioma facts and figures may be shocking when you look at them all together. Consider the following mesothelioma facts:
An estimated 2,000 - 3,000 new cases of mesothelioma are diagnosed each year in the U.S.
Approximately 3/4 of these cases are pleural mesothelioma, which occurs in the chest.
Most people who get mesothelioma have worked in jobs where they breathed in asbestos fibers at some point in their lives.
Mesothelioma can take 25 - 40 years to develop after the initial asbestos exposure.
Mesothelioma affects men 3 - 5 times more often than women.
Three-fourths of people with mesothelioma are over age 65.
The disease only metastasizes, or spreads outside the initial cancer area, in 5% of cases.
The average survival time after a person has been diagnosed with mesothelioma is one year.
The Environmental Workers Group (EWG) estimates that between 1979 and 2001, at least 43,000 Americans died from mesothelioma and an often-fatal non-cancer disease of the lungs called asbestosis.
The truth about asbestos has been known and mostly hidden from the American public since the early 20th Century.
Up to 8 million Americans may have been exposed to asbestos.
The use of asbestos has not been banned in the United States.
Many of these mesothelioma facts and figures may be surprising. If you or a loved one has been affected by this disease, you may wish to contact a mesothelioma lawyer today.
In some cases, surgery may be indicated to alleviate symptoms or slow the progression of mesothelioma. Surgery may be performed in tandem with other treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation, also known as “multi-modal therapy.”
Whether a surgery is recommended in your case will depend on factors unique to your situation, including the type and location of the cancer, the “stage” of the cancer, and your overall health. Of course, whether your doctor recommends surgery in your case will depend on factors individual to your case.
Pleural Mesothelioma Surgeries
Thoracentesis
This procedure involves the draining of fluid that may build up (called a “pleural effusion”) in the chest between the lung and the pleura. A tube is placed in the chest in order to drain out the fluid. Thoracentesis is a “palliative” treatment, meaning that its purpose is to help relieve discomfort.
Pleurodesis
Pleurodesis is a surgical procedure to help control pleural effusion, which is the buildup of fluid between the lungs and the lung lining. Pleurodesis closes the space between the lung and the lung lining, reducing the chance for fluid to accumulate.
There are two approaches to performing a pleurodesis. In the first, a tube that is inserted into the chest drains the excess fluid. After this fluid is drained, a schlerosing agent (a substance that causes tissue to scar or harden), such as sterile talc powder, is injected through the chest tube and into the pleural space. The schlerosing agent is allowed to distribute itself through the pleural space, with the patient being asked to move about in order to facilitate the distribution. Once the agent is distributed, suction is applied to the tube in the chest. Similar to collapsing a plastic bag, the suction brings the two pleural surfaces together, allowing them to “scar” together.The second method of pleurodesis uses thoracoscopy, whereby a small incision, or a series of small incisions, are made in the skin. A thoracoscope is passed through the incision in order to get a better look at the pleura. The schlerosing agent is then applied to the area.
Pleurectomy/Decortication
Pleurectomy/decortication involves removing the pleura, where most of the tumor is located. This procedure may help control pleural effusions (fluid build-up) and help to decrease the pain caused by the tumor. It is a palliative treatment, meaning that its goal is to help to lessen the discomfort caused by mesothelioma.
Pneumonectomy
A pneumonectomy is the removal of all or part of the lung. Your surgeon will make an incision in the side of the chest. When the lung is revealed, the surgeon visually assesses the tumor and decides how much tissue should be removed.
Extrapleural pneumonectomy
This extensive surgery usually involves the removal of the pleura, pericardium, diaphragm, and the whole lung on the side of the cancerous tumor. Your surgeon may decide to remove some of the surrounding tissues, as well.
Peritoneal Mesothelioma Surgeries
Paracentesis
Peritoneal mesothelioma can cause fluid to build up in the abdomen in a process called peritoneal effusion. This excess fluid is drained through a needle and tube inserted into the abdomen. Paracentesis (sometimes called an “ascitic tap”) can help take the pressure off the internal organs, and also helps reduce the risk of infection that may be caused by the fluid buildup. This is a “palliative” procedure, meaning that the goal of paracentesis is to help to relieve the discomfort associated with peritoneal mesothelioma.
Peritonectomy
A “peritonectomy” involves removing the peritoneum, the lining of the abdomen where the mesothelioma first develops. This form of surgery is most often used when the cancer is detected in the very early stages of the disease. Your surgeon might recommend that a peritonectomy be performed in tandem with “intraperitoneal hypothermic perfusion,” a form of heated chemotherapy where the chemotherapy drugs are administered directly into the abdomen during and/or after surgery.
Cytoreductive (or “debulking”) surgery
During cytoreductive or debulking surgery, the surgeon opens the abdominal cavity (a procedure known as a “laparotomy”) to look for all signs of cancer and attempt to remove as much of the tumor as possible. This surgery can be quite long in duration because of the amount of detail the surgeon must use to search for and remove signs of cancer in the abdominal area. Your surgeon might recommend that this surgery be performed in tandem with “intraperitoneal hypothermic perfusion,” a form of heated chemotherapy administered into the abdominal cavity.
Pericardial Mesothelioma Surgeries
Pericardiocentesis
This is the process for drawing fluid out of the affected area to help to relieve the discomfort associated with pericardial mesothelioma. For this procedure, a needle is inserted into the pericardium (the sac around the heart) to drain the fluid and relieve circulatory problems. The draining of this fluid can be associated with complications, however.
Extrapleural pneumonectomy
An aggressive surgery also used in appropriate situations to treat pleural mesothelioma, an extrapleural pneumonectomy involves removal of the pleura, diaphragm, pericardium, and the entire lung on the side of the tumor.
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